Heating device.



SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI, on LONDON, ENt'iLANn.

-To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, SEnAsrrAN'ZIANr DE FnniiAN'rr,

a subject of the King oi Great-Britain and Ireland, re-

Specification of Letters Patent. Application -filed December 2:8, 1905. Serial No. 293,672?

siding at 31 Lyndhurst road, Hampstead, Londonf] 'lllngland, have invented certain new and useful Iniprovements in and Relating to Heating Devices, of

which the following is a speciiicatio My invention relates to' elastic fluid turbines and vmore especially to the efficient utilization of heat in turbines .employing superheaters and resuperheaters.

Examples of the types of turbines to which my impro'vements are Vapplicable Aare found in iny prierA -spegieationa Serial Nos. 179407, 211838 and 232525.

il have `found that Where a limited drop of temperature onlyis available, as for enamplej in resuperheater furnaces such as are described in my specification,

`Serial No. 179407, great dilliculty arises in getting the requiredameunt oi heat imparted to each of the resuperheater elements; and my invention-has lor its object to enable this difficulty to .be overcome without requiring to provide abnormal heating surfaces in the resuperheaters for the later stages oi the expansion.

My invention consists broadly in disposing the heat 4 absorbing apparatus (such as the resuperheaters) through'which the steam flows in series, in parallel or lmultiple parallel in relation to the iiow of the `gases from which the heat is to be absorbed, so that each element may be subjected to the best drop of temperature available, viz., that drop of temperature which is best suited to secure eilicientabstraction of heat.

. Mylinvention also consists in the apparatuszland combinations of pa'rts hereinafter indicated. f

- Reierringnow to the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention and formpart ofv my specifica-4 i 'nace shown in Fig. l. 4"'

Vresuperhcater lelemtmts, a, A fb, In those 'circumstances wheres superheater e1e.

tion, `Figure 1 is a cross section oa furnace having superheating andresupcrheating elements arranged thereinand working in conjunction with'a ,stage'tuu bine. Fig. 42 is a longitudinal section through the iur- Fig. 3 is a'seetional plan of a modification oi' the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2' with the turbine omitted. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal e1evation.partly in section of a modification of the invention in which the superheater and resuperheater elements are disposed in tiers, while Fig; 5 is a -corresponding section on the'line'A B. of Fig. 4.

The drawings are of a purelfdiagrammatic nature throughout and arenot to be taken as working drawings.l i

In carrying my invention' into effect according to` enesorm as. applied 'in conjunction with turbines of i the type described in 'myvspecicatiorh Serial No. 179407, I provide such a turbine, A, divided into stages v'as indicatedv bythe dotted lines and I Place" -in parallel in the' furnace,

- set of resuperheater tubes, l,

vpose first a bank ol' tubes, c, oi, say?,

-the pipe,

HEATING DEVICE.'

In order to elliciontly absorb the balance of available heat remaining in the furnace gases after passing through the heat absorbing elements] vpreferably arrange a section of a boiler, d, or an economizer for water or air'or both directly behind them i'or this purpose. Thus steam generated in tho boiler, d, passes by way of the pipe, e, to the superhcatcr,t,and thence through.y the pipe,j, to the l'ust stage ol the turbine. The st ca'rni. after expansion in this stage returns by the pipe, g, to the furnace Where it is resilporhoatcd and passes by way'of the pipe, it, to the second stageoi' the turbine, this process'beinga'epeated as often as desirable. 1

heater clelments, c, as shown in Fig. 3 by partition walls@ r ,and provide dampers or valves, j, lor controlling the' flowv of the' gases through each compartment. Again, I may arrange the heat absorbing elements in groups so that they are disposed in palallel'iu tiers. Such an arrangement. is illustrated' in Figs. 4 and 5, l

thon a bank oftubos, l, of the' first resuperheater, their,

a bank oi tubos, m, of the'second res'uperheater, repeatA as ,oiten as is requircdto"` ing these banks, k, l, and m,

give the desired heating surfaces. All the banks of the where Idisthe superheater',`-y

so'l

superheatiln'g el ement are connected by means of boxes, l

n, and tubesirofwhile thc first and second resuperheater tubes are connected respectively by drums, p, q, andconnccting pipes, r, s. substantially the same effect is obtained as with the' heat absorbing elements arranged as already'described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3. A

The course ofthe steam through the modiiication ofl my' invention `just described is,-as follows:-1assing from the boiler,l d, by way of the pipe, t, it enters the drum, n, and-passes through the superheater tubes, le,

and thence by Way 'ofthe pipe'u, to the first stage ofthe turbine,- A. After expansion, in this stage it passes by way of the pipe, o, 'to the drum, p, of the first and.4 after passing through these and the tube, r, traverses' the second corresponding setpof resuperheater tubes, l, and returns through w, to the second stage of the turbine. This cycle of operations is repeated by way of the second set of resuperheater tubes, m, with the corresponding drumsfq, in-a manner that will be clear from the drawingwitiioiu; further description,.

With this arrangement 'y I ndthat iuthe tube surfaces are correctly proportioned over a given load they will be practically right over a Wide range of loads since the quantity of the products o combustion passing through the iiue, the coal burned, and the'steam generated, all vary together. Having new described my inventionfwhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:- 1. In` crombination; a plurality of turbine chambers conduitsconnecting st rd chambers in series, Acertain of said conduits hayng operative portions exterior' to said chambers; iiue'ineans through which hot gases iiow, certain of said conduitoperative portions standing in the same oper ativc relation lto diiierent chambers being disposed side by 'side across said'ue means in portions of said hot-gases at 2() to said chambers; ilue means through which hot gases substantially the same temperature'.

2. In combination, a plurality of turbine chambers; n

super-heater connected to the inlet of.the iirstof said V chambers conduits connecting; said chambers in, series, certain oi said conduits having,r operative portions exterior flow, certain of said conduit operative portions together with said super-heater, being disposed side by side across said ilue means in portions of said h ot gases `at substan tially the same temperature. l

3. 'In combination, a plurality of turbine chambers.; conduits connecting said chamberslin series, certain conduits having operative portions exterior to said chambers; tine means through which hot gases flow, 'certainoi said con duit operative portions standing in the sume operative relation to different' 'chambers being disposed side by side 'across said iiue means in portions of said hot gases at substantially the same temperature; boiler elements also 'dls' posed ln said flue means und en that side of said conduit operative portions from -which said het gases ilow.

li. In combination,A a plurality of turbine chambers in which working fluid undergoes successive expansions together with means. for rendering; the aggregate expansion through certain of said chamberson the whole substan-v tially isothermal, said means including,Y conduits connect im;r said certain chambers, said conduits havingl operative .portions exterior lo said chambers and including also Iiue vmeans through which hot gases llow, said conduit operative portions heini,r disposed in parallel in said iiuemeans as regards tho'iiowI of said hoi/gases therethrough.

5. In4 combination, a plurality oi sets of beat absorbing elements,'through which sots .ifid passes, the corresponding elements of'dillerent sets beingr arranged cyclicaily in a certain order together with duct means through which n heating mediumvpasscs, said heat absorbing sets being disposed ixi paraileliin said duct means as regards the ilow of said heating medium therethrough. 'V l i 6*. In combination, n plurality of turbhe chambcrs-con duits connecting said chambcrsinscries, certain of said conduits having operative portions exterior toV Saldchambers; flue means through which hot gases dow', certain of said conduit operative portions standing in the sum'eoperative relation-todlffcrentchambcrs being disposed in said -flue means in portions of 'said' hot gases nt substantially the same temperature.' i r 7. In combinations; a plurality of turbine chambers; e superheater connected to-the inlet of the Irst of said chambers; conduits connecting, said chambers inscrles, certain of sa'idconduits having operative porlionsexterlor "to said chambers; iiue means through which hotfgascs ilo w.. certain of said conduit operative portions together with said super-heater being disposed in said flue means in portions oi. said hot gases at substantially 'the sume temperature. f' l 8. In combination, a plurality et turbine chambers; conduits connectingsaid chambers in series, certain conduits having operative portions exterior to said chambers; Ilue means'through which hot gases iiow, certain of said conduit'operative portionsstanding in the same o'perativ'e relation to differentchamhers being disposed in said iiue means in portions of said hot gases at substantially the same temperature; Aboiler elements aise 'disposed in said Aiiue means and on that side ot said conduit operative 'portions from which said het -gases ow.

9. In combinatlom'a plurality of turbine chambers in which working fluid undergoes suceessiveexpanslens; a

superheater connected to the inlet ot the first of said cham hers; together with means for rendering the aggregate ex parisien through cnrtain osuid chambers on the whole substantially isothermal, said means including conduits connecting said certain chambers, said conduits having operative portions exterior to Suid chambers and including also fiue means through which hot gases fio'w, said conduit operative portions and said superheater being dlsposcdin parallel insald flue means as regards the iiow'of said hot gases therethrough;

In testimony whereofi have signed my name to this y specification in the presence of two 'subscribing witnesses.

. SEBASTIN ZIANI DE FEIERA N'I`l'. Witnesses i Ln'rrmu J. Plinn, CnAs. N. vDANIuLs. 

